万章下

mèng孟zǐ子yuē曰:"bǎi伯yí夷,mù目bù不shì视è恶sè色,ěr耳bù不tīng听è恶shēng声。fēi非qí其jūn君bù不shì事,fēi非qí其mín民bù不shǐ使。zhì治zé则jìn进,luàn乱zé则tuì退。héng横zhèng政zhī之suǒ所chū出,héng横mín民zhī之suǒ所zhǐ止,bù不rěn忍jū居yě也。sī思yǔ与xiāng乡rén人chǔ处,rú如yǐ以cháo朝yī衣cháo朝guàn冠zuò坐yú于tú涂tàn炭yě也。dāng当zhòu纣zhī之shí时,jū居běi北hǎi海zhī之bīn滨,yǐ以dài待tiān天xià下zhī之qīn清yě也。gù故wén闻bǎi伯yí夷zhī之fēng风zhě者,wán顽fū夫lián廉,nuò懦fū夫yǒu有lì立zhì志。"

"yī伊yǐn尹yuē曰:'hé何shì事fēi非jūn君?hé何shǐ使fēi非mín民。'zhì治yì亦jìn进,luàn乱yì亦jìn进。yuē曰:'tiān天zhī之shēng生sī斯mín民yě也,shǐ使xiān先zhī知jué觉hòu后zhī知,shǐ使xiān先jué觉jué觉hòu后jué觉。yú予,tiān天mín民zhī之xiān先jué觉zhě者yě也;yú予jiāng将yǐ以cǐ此dào道jué觉cǐ此mín民yě也。'sī思tiān天xià下zhī之mín民pǐ匹fū夫pǐ匹fù妇yǒu有bù不yǔ与bèi被yáo尧shùn舜zhī之zé泽zhě者,ruò若jǐ己tuī推ér而nèi内zhī之gōu沟zhōng中,qí其zì自rèn任yǐ以tiān天xià下zhī之zhòng重yě也。"

"liǔ柳xià下huì惠,bù不xiū羞wū污jūn君,bù不cí辞xiǎo小guān官。jìn进bù不yǐn隐xián贤,bì必yǐ以qí其dào道。yí遗yì佚ér而bù不yuàn怨,è阨qióng穷ér而bù不mǐn悯。yǔ与xiāng乡rén人chǔ处,yóu由yóu由rán然bù不rěn忍qù去yě也。'ěr尔wéi为ěr尔,wǒ我wéi为wǒ我,suī虽tǎn袒xī裼luǒ裸chéng裎yú于wǒ我cè侧,ěr尔yān焉néng能měi浼wǒ我zāi哉。'gù故wén闻liǔ柳xià下huì惠zhī之fēng风zhě者,bǐ鄙fū夫kuān宽,bó薄fū夫dūn敦。"

"kǒng孔zǐ子zhī之qù去qí齐,jiē接xī淅ér而xíng行;qù去lǔ鲁,yuē曰:'chí迟chí迟wú吾xíng行yě也。'qù去fù父mǔ母guó国zhī之dào道yě也。kě可yǐ以sù速ér而sù速,kě可yǐ以jiǔ久ér而jiǔ久,kě可yǐ以chǔ处ér而chǔ处,kě可yǐ以shì仕ér而shì仕,kǒng孔zǐ子yě也。"

mèng孟zǐ子yuē曰:"bǎi伯yí夷,shèng圣zhī之qīn清zhě者yě也;yī伊yǐn尹,shèng圣zhī之rèn任zhě者yě也;liǔ柳xià下huì惠,shèng圣zhī之hé和zhě者yě也;kǒng孔zǐ子,shèng圣zhī之shí时zhě者yě也。kǒng孔zǐ子zhī之wèi谓jí集dà大chéng成。jí集dà大chéng成yě也zhě者,jīn金shēng声ér而yù玉zhèn振zhī之yě也。jīn金shēng声yě也zhě者,shǐ始tiáo条lǐ理yě也;yù玉zhèn振zhī之yě也zhě者,zhōng终tiáo条lǐ理yě也。shǐ始tiáo条lǐ理zhě者,zhì智zhī之shì事yě也;zhōng终tiáo条lǐ理zhě者,shèng圣zhī之shì事yě也。zhì智,pì譬zé则qiǎo巧yě也;shèng圣,pì譬zé则lì力yě也。yóu由shè射yú于bǎi百bù步zhī之wài外yě也,qí其zhì至,ěr尔lì力yě也;qí其zhōng中,fēi非ěr尔lì力yě也。"

běi北gōng宫qí锜wèn问yuē曰:"zhōu周shì室bān班jué爵lù禄yě也,rú如zhī之hé何?"mèng孟zǐ子yuē曰:"qí其xiáng详bù不kě可dé得wén闻yě也。zhū诸hóu侯è恶qí其hài害jǐ己yě也,ér而jiē皆qù去qí其jí籍。rán然ér而kē轲yě也,cháng尝wén闻qí其lüè略yě也。tiān天zǐ子yī一wèi位,gōng公yī一wèi位,hóu侯yī一wèi位,bǎi伯yī一wèi位,zǐ子、nán男tóng同yī一wèi位,fán凡wǔ五děng等yě也。jūn君yī一wèi位,qīng卿yī一wèi位,dà大fū夫yī一wèi位,shàng上shì士yī一wèi位,zhōng中shì士yī一wèi位,xià下shì士yī一wèi位,fán凡liù六děng等。"

"tiān天zǐ子zhī之zhì制,dì地fāng方qiān千lǐ里,gōng公hóu侯jiē皆fāng方bǎi百lǐ里,bǎi伯qī七shí十lǐ里,zǐ子、nán男wǔ五shí十lǐ里,fán凡sì四děng等。bù不néng能wǔ五shí十lǐ里,bù不dá达yú于tiān天zǐ子,fù附yú于zhū诸hóu侯,yuē曰fù附yōng庸。tiān天zǐ子zhī之qīng卿shòu受dì地shì视hóu侯,dà大fū夫shòu受dì地shì视bǎi伯,yuán元shì士shòu受dì地shì视zǐ子、nán男。dà大guó国dì地fāng方bǎi百lǐ里,jūn君shí十qīng卿lù禄,qīng卿lù禄sì四dà大fū夫,dà大fū夫bèi倍shàng上shì士,shàng上shì士bèi倍zhōng中shì士,zhōng中shì士bèi倍xià下shì士,xià下shì士yǔ与shù庶rén人zài在guān官zhě者tóng同lù禄,lù禄zú足yǐ以dài代qí其gēng耕yě也。cì次guó国dì地fāng方qī七shí十lǐ里,jūn君shí十qīng卿lù禄,qīng卿lù禄sān三dà大fū夫,dà大fū夫bèi倍shàng上shì士,shàng上shì士bèi倍zhōng中shì士,zhōng中shì士bèi倍xià下shì士,xià下shì士yǔ与shù庶rén人zài在guān官zhě者tóng同lù禄,lù禄zú足yǐ以dài代qí其gēng耕yě也。xiǎo小guó国dì地fāng方wǔ五shí十lǐ里,jūn君shí十qīng卿lù禄,qīng卿lù禄èr二dà大fū夫,dà大fū夫bèi倍shàng上shì士,shàng上shì士bèi倍zhōng中shì士,zhōng中shì士bèi倍xià下shì士,xià下shì士yǔ与shù庶rén人zài在guān官zhě者tóng同lù禄,lù禄zú足yǐ以dài代qí其gēng耕yě也。"

"gēng耕zhě者zhī之suǒ所huò获,yī一fū夫bǎi百mǔ亩。bǎi百mǔ亩zhī之fèn粪,shàng上nóng农fū夫shí食jiǔ九rén人,shàng上cì次shí食bā八rén人,zhōng中shí食qī七rén人,zhōng中cì次shí食liù六rén人,xià下shí食wǔ五rén人。shù庶rén人zài在guān官zhě者,qí其lù禄yǐ以shì是wéi为chā差。"

wàn万zhāng章wèn问yuē曰:"gǎn敢wèn问yǒu友。"mèng孟zǐ子yuē曰:"bù不xié挟zhǎng长,bù不xié挟guì贵,bù不xié挟xiōng兄dì弟ér而yǒu友。yǒu友yě也zhě者,yǒu友qí其dé德yě也,bù不kě可yǐ以yǒu有xié挟yě也。"

"mèng孟xiàn献zǐ子,bǎi百shèng乘zhī之jiā家yě也,yǒu有yǒu友wǔ五rén人yān焉:yuè乐zhèng正qiú裘、mù牧zhòng仲,qí其sān三rén人,zé则yú予wàng忘zhī之yǐ矣。xiàn献zǐ子zhī之yǔ与cǐ此wǔ五rén人zhě者yǒu友yě也,wú无xiàn献zǐ子zhī之jiā家zhě者yě也。cǐ此wǔ五rén人zhě者,yì亦yǒu有xiàn献zǐ子zhī之jiā家,zé则bù不yǔ与zhī之yǒu友yǐ矣。"

"fēi非wéi惟bǎi百shèng乘zhī之jiā家wéi为rán然yě也。suī虽xiǎo小guó国zhī之jūn君yì亦yǒu有zhī之。fèi费huì惠gōng公yuē曰:'wú吾yú于zǐ子sī思,zé则shī师zhī之yǐ矣;wú吾yú于yán颜bān般,zé则yǒu友zhī之yǐ矣;wáng王shùn顺、zhǎng长xī息zé则shì事wǒ我zhě者yě也。'fēi非wéi惟xiǎo小guó国zhī之jūn君wéi为rán然yě也,suī虽dà大guó国zhī之jūn君yì亦yǒu有zhī之。jìn晋píng平gōng公zhī之yú于hài亥táng唐yě也,rù入yún云zé则rù入,zuò坐yún云zé则zuò坐,shí食yún云zé则shí食。suī虽shū疏shí食cài菜gēng羹,wèi未cháng尝bù不bǎo饱,gài盖bù不gǎn敢bù不bǎo饱yě也。rán然zhōng终yú于cǐ此ér而yǐ已yǐ矣。fú弗yǔ与gòng共tiān天wèi位yě也,fú弗yǔ与zhì治tiān天zhí职yě也,fú弗yǔ与shí食tiān天lù禄yě也,shì士zhī之zūn尊xián贤zhě者yě也,fēi非wáng王gōng公zhī之zūn尊xián贤yě也。"

"shùn舜shàng尚jiàn见dì帝,dì帝guǎn馆shēng甥yú于èr贰shì室,yì亦xiǎng飨shùn舜,dié迭wéi为bīn宾zhǔ主,shì是tiān天zǐ子ér而yǒu友pǐ匹fū夫yě也。yòng用xià下jìng敬shàng上,wèi谓zhī之guì贵guì贵;yòng用shàng上jìng敬xià下,wèi谓zhī之zūn尊xián贤。guì贵guì贵、zūn尊xián贤,qí其yì义yī一yě也。"

wàn万zhāng章wèn问yuē曰:"gǎn敢wèn问jiāo交jì际hé何xīn心yě也?"mèng孟zǐ子yuē曰:"gōng恭yě也。"yuē曰:"què却zhī之què却zhī之wéi为bù不gōng恭,hé何zāi哉?"yuē曰:"zūn尊zhě者cì赐zhī之,yuē曰:'qí其suǒ所qǔ取zhī之zhě者,yì义hū乎,bù不yì义hū乎!',ér而hòu后shòu受zhī之,yǐ以shì是wéi为bù不gōng恭,gù故fú弗què却yě也。"

yuē曰:"qǐng请wú无yǐ以cí辞què却zhī之,yǐ以xīn心què却zhī之,yuē曰。'qí其qǔ取zhū诸mín民zhī之bù不yì义yě也。'ér而yǐ以tā他cí辞wú无shòu受,bù不kě可hū乎?"yuē曰:"qí其jiāo交yě也yǐ以dào道,qí其jiē接yě也yǐ以lǐ礼,sī斯kǒng孔zǐ子shòu受zhī之yǐ矣。"

wàn万zhāng章yuē曰:"jīn今yǒu有yù御rén人yú于guó国mén门zhī之wài外zhě者,qí其jiāo交yě也yǐ以dào道,qí其kuì馈yě也yǐ以lǐ礼,sī斯kě可shòu受yù御yú与?"yuē曰:"bù不kě可。kāng康gào诰yuē曰:'shā杀yuè越rén人yú于huò货,mǐn闵bù不wèi畏sǐ死,fán凡mín民wǎng罔bù不dùn譈。'shì是bù不dài待jiào教ér而zhū诛zhě者yě也。yīn殷shòu受xià夏,zhōu周shòu受yīn殷,suǒ所bù不cí辞yě也。yú于jīn今wéi为liè烈,rú如zhī之hé何qí其shòu受zhī之?"

yuē曰:"jīn今zhī之zhū诸hóu侯qǔ取zhī之yú于mín民yě也,yóu犹yù御yě也。gǒu苟shàn善qí其lǐ礼jì际yǐ矣,sī斯jūn君zǐ子shòu受zhī之,gǎn敢wèn问hé何shuō说yě也?"yuē曰:"zǐ子yǐ以wéi为yǒu有wáng王zhě者zuò作,jiāng将bǐ比jīn今zhī之zhū诸hóu侯ér而zhū诛zhī之hū乎?qí其jiào教zhī之bù不gǎi改ér而hòu后zhū诛zhī之hū乎?fú夫wèi谓fēi非qí其yǒu有ér而qǔ取zhī之zhě者dào盗yě也,chōng充lèi类zhì至yì义zhī之jǐn尽yě也。kǒng孔zǐ子zhī之shì仕yú于lǔ鲁yě也,lǔ鲁rén人liè猎jiào较,kǒng孔zǐ子yì亦liè猎jiào较。liè猎jiào较yóu犹kě可,ér而kuàng况shòu受qí其cì赐hū乎?"yuē曰:"rán然zé则kǒng孔zǐ子zhī之shì仕yě也,fēi非shì事dào道yǔ与?"yuē曰:"shì事dào道yě也。""shì事dào道xī奚liè猎jiào较yě也?"yuē曰:"kǒng孔zǐ子xiān先bù簿zhèng正jì祭qì器,bù不yǐ以sì四fāng方zhī之shí食gōng供bù簿zhèng正。"yuē曰:"xī奚bù不qù去yě也?"yuē曰:"wèi为zhī之zhào兆yě也。zhào兆zú足yǐ以xíng行yǐ矣,ér而bù不xíng行,ér而hòu后qù去,shì是yǐ以wèi未cháng尝yǒu有suǒ所zhōng终sān三nián年yān淹yě也。kǒng孔zǐ子yǒu有jiàn见xíng行kě可zhī之shì仕,yǒu有jì际kě可zhī之shì仕,yǒu有gōng公yǎng养zhī之shì仕yě也。yú于jì季huán桓zǐ子,jiàn见xíng行kě可zhī之shì仕yě也;yú于wèi卫líng灵gōng公,jì际kě可zhī之shì仕yě也;yú于wèi卫xiào孝gōng公,gōng公yǎng养zhī之shì仕yě也。"

mèng孟zǐ子yuē曰:"shì仕fēi非wèi为pín贫yě也,ér而yǒu有shí时hū乎wèi为pín贫;qǔ娶qī妻fēi非wèi为yǎng养yě也,ér而yǒu有shí时hū乎wèi为yǎng养。wèi为pín贫zhě者,cí辞zūn尊jū居bēi卑,cí辞fù富jū居pín贫。cí辞zūn尊jū居bēi卑,cí辞fù富jū居pín贫,wū恶hū乎yí宜hū乎?bào抱guān关jī击tuò柝。kǒng孔zǐ子cháng尝wéi为wěi委lì吏yǐ矣,yuē曰。'huì会jì计dāng当ér而yǐ已yǐ矣。'。cháng尝wéi为chéng乘tián田yǐ矣,yuē曰。'niú牛yáng羊zhuó茁zhuàng壮,zhǎng长ér而yǐ已yǐ矣。'。wèi位bēi卑ér而yán言gāo高,zuì罪yě也;lì立hū乎rén人zhī之běn本cháo朝,ér而dào道bù不xíng行,chǐ耻yě也"

wàn万zhāng章yuē曰:"shì士zhī之bù不tuō托zhū诸hóu侯,hé何yě也?"mèng孟zǐ子yuē曰:"bù不gǎn敢yě也。zhū诸hóu侯shī失guó国,ér而hòu后tuō托yú于zhū诸hóu侯,lǐ礼yě也;shì士zhī之tuō托yú于zhū诸hóu侯,fēi非lǐ礼yě也。"

wàn万zhāng章yuē曰:"jūn君kuì馈zhī之sù粟,zé则shòu受zhī之hū乎?"yuē曰:"shòu受zhī之。""shòu受zhī之hé何yì义yě也?"yuē曰:"jūn君zhī之yú于máng氓yě也,gù固zhōu周zhī之。"

yuē曰:"zhōu周zhī之zé则shòu受,cì赐zhī之zé则bù不shòu受,hé何yě也?"yuē曰:"bù不gǎn敢yě也。"yuē曰:"gǎn敢wèn问qí其bù不gǎn敢hé何yě也?"yuē曰:"bào抱guān关jī击tuò柝zhě者,jiē皆yǒu有cháng常zhí职yǐ以sì食yú于shàng上。wú无cháng常zhí职ér而cì赐yǔ予shàng上zhě者,yǐ以wéi为bù不gōng恭yě也。"

yuē曰:"jūn君kuì馈zhī之,zé则shòu受zhī之,bù不shí识kě可cháng常jì继hū乎?"yuē曰:"mù缪gōng公zhī之yú于zǐ子sī思yě也,jí亟wèn问,jí亟kuì馈dǐng鼎ròu肉。zǐ子sī思bù不yuè悦。yú于zú卒yě也,biāo摽shǐ使zhě者chū出zhū诸dà大mén门zhī之wài外,běi北miàn面jī稽shǒu首zài再bài拜ér而bù不shòu受。yuē曰:'jīn今ér而hòu后zhī知jūn君zhī之quǎn犬mǎ马xù畜jí急。'gài盖zì自shì是tái台wú无kuì馈yě也。yuè悦xián贤bù不néng能jǔ举,yòu又bù不néng能yǎng养yě也,kě可wèi谓yuè悦xián贤hū乎?"

yuē曰:"gǎn敢wèn问guó国jūn君yù欲yǎng养jūn君zǐ子,rú如hé何sī斯kě可wèi谓yǎng养yǐ矣?"yuē曰:"yǐ以jūn君mìng命jiāng将zhī之,zài再bài拜jī稽shǒu首ér而shòu受。qí其hòu后lǐn廪rén人jì继sù粟,páo庖rén人jì继ròu肉,bù不yǐ以jūn君mìng命jiāng将zhī之。zǐ子sī思yǐ以wéi为dǐng鼎ròu肉,shǐ使jǐ己pú仆pú仆ér而jí亟bài拜yě也,fēi非yǎng养jūn君zǐ子zhī之dào道yě也。yáo尧zhī之yú于shùn舜yě也,shǐ使qí其zi子jiǔ九nán男shì事zhī之,èr二nǚ女nǚ女yān焉,bǎi百guān官niú牛yáng羊cāng仓lǐn廪bèi备,yǐ以yǎng养shùn舜yú于quǎn畎mǔ亩zhī之zhōng中,hòu后jǔ举ér而jiā加zhū诸shàng上wèi位。gù故yuē曰:"wáng王gōng公zhī之zūn尊xián贤zhě者yě也。"

wàn万zhāng章yuē曰:"gǎn敢wèn问bù不jiàn见zhū诸hóu侯,hé何yì义yě也?"mèng孟zǐ子yuē曰:"zài在guó国yuē曰shì市jǐng井zhī之chén臣,zài在yě野yuē曰cǎo草mǎng莽zhī之chén臣,jiē皆wèi谓shù庶rén人。shù庶rén人bù不chuán传zhì质wéi为chén臣,bù不gǎn敢jiàn见yú于zhū诸hóu侯,lǐ礼yě也。"

wàn万zhāng章yuē曰:"shù庶rén人,zhào召zhī之yì役,zé则wǎng往yì役;jūn君yù欲jiàn见zhī之,zhào召zhī之,zé则bù不wǎng往jiàn见zhī之,hé何yě也?"yuē曰:"wǎng往yì役,yì义yě也;wǎng往jiàn见,bù不yì义yě也。qiě且jūn君zhī之yù欲jiàn见zhī之yě也,hé何wèi为yě也zāi哉?"yuē曰:"wèi为qí其duō多wén闻yě也,wèi为qí其xián贤yě也。"yuē曰:"wèi为qí其duō多wén闻yě也,zé则tiān天zǐ子bù不zhào召shī师,ér而kuàng况zhū诸hóu侯hū乎?wèi为qí其xián贤yě也,zé则wú吾wèi未wén闻yù欲jiàn见xián贤ér而zhào召zhī之yě也。mù缪gōng公jí亟jiàn见yú于zǐ子sī思,yuē曰:'gǔ古qiān千shèng乘zhī之guó国yǐ以yǒu友shì士,hé何rú如?'zǐ子sī思bù不yuè悦,yuē曰:'gǔ古zhī之rén人yǒu有yán言:yuē曰shì事zhī之yún云hū乎,qǐ岂yuē曰yǒu友zhī之yún云hū乎?'zǐ子sī思zhī之bù不yuè悦yě也,qǐ岂bù不yuē曰:'yǐ以wèi位,zé则zǐ子,jūn君yě也;wǒ我,chén臣yě也。hé何gǎn敢yǔ与jūn君yǒu友yě也?yǐ以dé德,zé则zǐ子shì事wǒ我zhě者yě也。xī奚kě可yǐ以yǔ与wǒ我yǒu友?'qiān千shèng乘zhī之jūn君qiú求yǔ与zhī之yǒu友,ér而bù不kě可dé得yě也,ér而kuàng况kě可zhào召yǔ与?qí齐jǐng景gōng公tián田,zhāo招yú虞rén人yǐ以jīng旌,bù不zhì至,jiāng将shā杀zhī之。zhì志shì士bù不wàng忘zài在gōu沟hè壑,yǒng勇shì士bù不wàng忘sàng丧qí其yuán元。kǒng孔zǐ子xī奚qǔ取yān焉?qǔ取fēi非qí其zhāo招bù不wǎng往yě也。"